Melatonin reduces time to fall asleep. Beneficial effect occurs when 1 mg (one spray) of melatonin is consumed just before bedtime. In addition, melatonin facilitates subjective complaints related to fatigue in time zone banding. The beneficial effect is achieved with a minimum dose of 0.5 mg to be given before bedtime on the first day of travel and the next day after arrival at destination. The spray is easily absorbed because it passes through the mouth mucosa directly to the bloodstream.